Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases

Description

In recent years, the ecology and evolution of infectious diseases has been studied extensively and new approaches to the study of host-pathogen interactions continue to emerge. At the same time, pathogen control in low-income countries has tended to remain largely informed by classical epidemiology, where the objective is to treat as many people as possible, despite recent research suggesting new opportunities for improved disease control in the context of limited economic resources. The need to integrate the scientific developments in the ecology and evolution of infectious diseases with public health strategy in low-income countries is now more important than ever.

This novel text uniquely incorporates the latest research in ecology and evolutionary biology into the discussion of public health issues in low-income countries. It brings together an international team of experts from both universities and health NGOs to provide an up-to-date, authoritative, and challenging review of the ecology and evolution of infectious diseases, focusing on low-income countries for effective public health applications and outcomes. It discusses a range of public health threats including malaria, TB, HIV, measles, Ebola, tuberculosis, influenza and meningitis among others.

About the author

Benjamin Roche is a researcher at the French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD) in Montpellier, France. His work has mostly focused on the study of diversity involved in infectious diseases, from diversity of hosts (i.e., dilution effect) to the diversity of pathogens (through phylodynamics of influenza viruses) through diversity of transmission modes (consequences of direct and environmental transmission of influenza viruses and Buruli ulcer). He is also working on vector control strategies against Chikungunya in French overseas territory and on prevention strategies against Buruli ulcer in Cameroon. He is leading an international project aiming to develop an innovative conceptual and methodological framework to envision optimal public health strategies. He has published more than 60 papers in leading international journals.

Hélène Broutin is a researcher at CNRS (the French National Center of Scientific Research) working on the ecology of infectious diseases. She is currently based at the University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar, Senegal. Her principal research focuses on vaccine preventable diseases in low income countries, mainly in Africa. She uses a multidisciplinary approach to identify the determinants (environmental, genetics, genetic, and population) that drive the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases, and the impact of vaccination, with a specific focus on meningitis, respiratory infections, pertussis, and measles. The final goal of her research is to help improve vaccine strategies for a better control of diseases in the long term in low income countries. She is a member of the steering committee of MERIT (Meningitis Environmental Risk Information Technologies), an international experts group on meningitis in Africa led by WHO. She has published more than 20 papers in international journals.

Frederic Simard is an expert in vector biology and control working at the French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD) in Montpellier, France. He has spent 15 years in tropical Africa exploring the population biology, ecology, and genetics of major mosquito disease vectors. Bridging field and lab studies, medical entomology and evolution, he has been interested in exploring issues related to local adaptation, speciation, and transmission. He has published more than 160 papers in peer-reviewed journals in diverse areas of molecular biology and evolution, genetics and genomics, vector control, and tropical medicine. He is a member of the editorial board of several scientific journals and participates in scientific and advisory committees for various national and international institutions. In 2015, he was appointed Director of the MIVEGEC research unit for 6 years by IRD, CNRS, and the University of Montpellier.

Table of contents

Preface, Peter Hotez
1:Infectious diseases in low-income countries: Where are we now?, Benjamin Roche, Thierry Baldet and Frédéric Simard
2:Current control strategies for infectious diseasesin low income countries, Frédéric Pagès, Dominique Maison and Michael Faulde
3:Research in crises: overcoming obstacles and lessons for the future, Rebecca Grais
Afterword I: The burden, Benjamin Roche, Hélène Broutin and Frédéric Simard
4:Spatial-temporal transmission dynamics and control of infectious diseases: Ebola virus disease (EVD) as a case study, Cécile Viboud, Hélène Broutin and Gerardo Chowell
5:Environmental change and pathogen transmission, Rodolphe E. Gozlan and Marine Combe
6:Antimicrobial resistance: the 70-year arms race between Humans and Bacteria, Anne-Laure Bañuls, Van Anh Thi Nguyen, Quang Huy Nguyen, Ngoc Anh Thi Nguyen, Hoang Huy Tran and Sylvain Godreuil
7:Viral evolution and impact for public health strategies in low-income countries, Jessica Lynn Webster and Marco Vignuzzi
Afterword II: Fundamental knowledge, Benjamin Roche, Hélène Broutin and Frédéric Simard
8:Using Disease Dynamics and Modeling to Inform Control Strategies in Low-Income Countries, Matthew Ferrari
9:Evolutionary control of infectious disease in low-income countries, Paul W. Ewald
10:Using pathogen interactions: challenges and opportunities, Mathieu Nacher
11:Exploiting symbiotic interactions for vector/disease control, Patrick Mavingui, Claire Valiente Moro and Pablo Tortosa
12:Host species diversity and the transmission of vector-borne disease in low income countries, Heather Ferguson, Patrick Brock and Steve Torr
Afterword III: Tunable methods, Benjamin Roche, Hélène Broutin and Frédéric Simard
13:Malaria eradication in Italy: the story of a first success, Marco Pombi, David Modiano and Gilberto Corbellini
14:Interactions between ecological and socio-economic drivers of Buruli ulcer burden in sub-Saharan Africa. Opportunities for an improved control., Andres Garchitorena, Matthew H. Bonds, Jean-Francois Guégan and Benjamin Roche
15:Ecological control of schistosomiasis in Sub-Saharan Africa: restoration of predator-prey dynamics to reduce transmission, Isabel Jones, Andrea Lund, Gilles Riveau, Nicolas Jouanard, Raphael A. Ndione, Susanne H. Sokolow and Giulio A. De Leo
Afterword IV: Case studies, Benjamin Roche, Hélène Broutin and Frédéric Simard
16:Optimizing public health strategies in low-income countries: Epidemiology, ecology and evolution for the control of malaria., Eve Miguel, Florence Fournet, Serge Yerbanga, Nicolas Moiroux, Franck Yao, Timothée Vergne, Bernard Cazelles, Roch K. Dabiré, Frédéric Simard and Benjamin Roche
17:Human activities and disease transmission: the agriculture case, Jan Slingenbergh, Giuliano Cecchi and Marjan Leneman
18:Ecology of Poverty, Disease and Health Care Delivery: Lessons for Planetary Health, Matthew H. Bonds, Andres Garchitorena, Paul E. Farmer and Megan B. Murray
19:African and global health care prospects: The importance of the use of knowledge, Dominique Kerouedan
20:Optimizing public health strategies in low-income countries: The challenge to apply the scientific knowledge and for which disease?, Benjamin Roche, Hélène Broutin and Frédéric Simard, on behalf of all authors
Afterword, Awa Marie Coll Seck and Ibrahima Seck